See All The African Countries That Have Abolished The Death Penalty

The president of Equatorial Guinea Teodoro Obiang Nguema Mbasogo has signed a new penal code into law. This new penal code puts an end to the death penalty in one of the globe’s most authoritarian countries. The development was announced on state television on Monday 19 September 2022.

Teodoro Obiang Mangue, one of the vice presidents of the country and the president’s son also disclosed this on Twitter. The last official execution in the country was in 2014, according to Amnesty International.

“I am writing in capitals to seal this unique moment: ‘EQUATORIAL GUINEA HAS ABOLISHED THE DEATH PENALTY’,” Mangue tweeted. The vice president is also tipped to succeed his father who has spent over 43 years in power.

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However, the United Nations and international NGOs still accuse Mbasogo’s administration of arbitrary torture, imprisonment, and forced disappearances. The new law was approved by parliament in advance and will come into effect 90 days after its publication in the official state journal.

The growing list of African countries that have abolished the death penalty

Equatorial Guinea is not the first African country to put an end to capital punishment on the African continent. However, the decision by President Mbasogo’s government adds to the growing number of African countries that have abolished the death penalty.

Chad approved the end of the death penalty in 2020. Sierra Leone took the same decision the following year and the Central African Republic joined the train in May 2022. The death penalty remains legal in over 30 African countries. However, state executions in recent years have only occurred in a few states.

Amnesty International continues to call for the abolition of the death penalty around the globe. According to the international organization, the death penalty goes against human rights, calling it “cruel, inhuman, and degrading punishment”.

China, Iran, Egypt, Saudi Arabia, and Syria currently lead the world in the most executions. According to Amnesty International, China is the leading executioner.

However, it is unclear the extent death penalty is used because the data is classified as a state secret. In 2021, there were 579 executions, excluding the thousands secretly carried out in China.

S/N	African countries that have abolished the death penalty	Year
1	Cape Verde	1981
2	Angola	1992
3	Guinea-Bissau	1993
4	Seychelles	1993
5	Djibouti	1995
6	Mauritius	1995
7	South Africa	1997
8	Ivory Coast	2000
9	Liberia	2005
10	Rwanda	2007
11	Burundi	2009
12	Togo	2009
13	Gabon	2010
14	Benin	2010
15	Congo	2015
16	Madagascar	2015
17	Guinea	2016 for ordinary crimes 2017 for military
18	Kenya	2017
19	Burkina Faso	2018
20	Chad	2020
21	Sierra Leone	2021
22	Central African Republic	2022
23	Equatorial Guinea	2022

Abolition of the death penalty will stall corruption fight

While the signing of the new penal code by President Mbasogo was widely heralded as historic, there are those that believe it will stall the fight against corruption. Those in this school of thought believe that the death penalty for corruption is the only thing that can deter African politicians.

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In July 2021, France’s highest appeal court found Teodoro Obiang Mangue guilty of embezzlement. In absentia, he was handed a three-year suspended sentence and fined $33 million. Also, luxury assets belonging to the vice president including a luxury mansion were seized.

Equatorial Guinea has a substantial oil reserve. However, the vast majority of its 1.4 million population live in poverty, according to data from the World Bank.

While the abolition of the death penalty is laudable, it may just be that Mbasogo’s government is paving the future for officials and close allies of the family that may be convicted in the future. Without a doubt, Africa needs tougher regulations to fight corruption.

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